Isifinyezo:Ukuhlakanipha kwezolimo zesimanje zezikhungo kuncike kakhulu ohlelweni lokusebenza nokulungisa. Ukuhlakanipha kwesistimu yokusebenza nokulungisa kuhlobene ngqo nokusebenza kahle kokusebenza kwezitshalo ezishisayo, futhi kumelela ukwenziwa kwesimanje kwezolimo zezikhungo, okunenani lokwaziswa kanye nentuthuko ejulile. Leli phepha lethula ukusetshenziswa kwesistimu yokusebenza nokulungisa ehlakaniphile esisekelweni sezolimo zezikhungo eQingdao, lihlaziya umphumela walo wokusetshenziswa, futhi lihlola inani lokwaziswa kwesistimu, ukuze linikeze ulwazi olubhekisela kochwepheshe abafanele futhi landise ucwaningo olujulile lwezinhlelo ezihlobene, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe izinga lobuchwepheshe nokuhlakanipha kwezolimo zezikhungo.

Amagama angukhiye: Uhlelo Lokusebenza Nokulungisa Oluhlakaniphile; Ezolimo Zezikhungo; Ukusetshenziswa

Ngentuthuko esheshayo yaseShayina, izindlela zokukhiqiza ezolimo zendabuko azikwazanga ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomphakathi zekhwalithi kanye nobuningi bemikhiqizo yezolimo. Ezolimo zesimanje, ezibonakala ngokuvunwa okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu, zithuthuke ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva nje, ziveza amandla amakhulu emakethe. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe athuthukile ezolimo noma izifunda emhlabeni, izinga lobuchwepheshe bezolimo zezikhungo zaseShayina lisalokhu lihlehla kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni kwezinhlelo zokusebenza nokugcinwa okuhlakaniphile okusekelwe ku-IoT kwezolimo njengezinzwa zezolimo kanye nobuchopho bamafu omshini, lapho ukwenziwa kwedijithali kudinga ukuthuthukiswa okuphuthumayo.

1. Uhlelo Lokusebenza Nokulungisa Oluhlakaniphile Lwezolimo

1.1 Incazelo Yesistimu

Uhlelo lokusebenza nokugcinwa okuhlakaniphile kwezolimo luwubuchwepheshe besistimu obusafufusa obuhlanganisa ngokujulile ubuchwepheshe be-IoT, ubuchwepheshe bokuphatha okuhlakaniphile, kanye nezinqubo ezahlukene zezolimo ezifana nokutshala, ukugcina, ukucubungula, ukuthuthwa, ukulandeleka, kanye nokusetshenziswa. Ngokuhlanganisa "uhlelo + ihadiwe", uhlelo lokusebenza nokugcinwa okuhlakaniphile kwezolimo lusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile be-Intanethi Yezinto, njengobuchwepheshe bokuzwa, ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa, ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula kanye nobuchwepheshe obuvamile, ukuxazulula ngokuphelele izinkinga ezisebenzisanayo eziningi njengokuhlonza umuntu ngamunye kwezolimo, ukuqwashisa ngesimo, ukuxhumana kwemishini ehlukahlukene, ukucubungula idatha ehlukahlukene kwemithombo eminingi, ukutholakala kolwazi kanye nokusekelwa kwezinqumo.

1.2 Umzila Wezobuchwepheshe

Ngokuvamile, isakhiwo sohlelo lokuphatha ezolimo sakhiwe kakhulu ukuqonda, inethiwekhi kanye neplatifomu. Ngalesi sisekelo, amabhizinisi angandisa izendlalelo ezinengqondo kakhulu ngokuya ngezinhlobo zezolimo nezidingo zebhizinisi. Ukwakheka kohlelo lokusebenza nokulungisa oluhlakaniphile lwezolimo kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1.

Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusebenza okuhlakaniphile nokugcinwa kwezolimo, izinzwa ezifana nenzwa yokushisa nomswakama, inzwa ye-carbon dioxide, inzwa yokukhanyisa, inzwa yamanje, inzwa yokugeleza kwamanzi, inzwa yokugeleza kwe-carbon dioxide, inzwa yokugeleza kwegesi yemvelo, inzwa yokucindezela kwesisindo, inzwa ye-EC kanye nenzwa ye-pH zingenziwa ngokwezifiso, futhi amabhizinisi anesidingo esikhulu angacwaninga futhi athuthukise izinzwa, futhi adlule kuphrothokholi yokudlulisa idatha eyisisekelo ukuqinisekisa ukudluliswa okuzinzile nokubanjwa kwedatha.

1.3 Ukubaluleka Kwentuthuko

Uhlelo lokusebenza nokulungisa oluhlakaniphile lusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuzwa okuhlakaniphile, ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa ulwazi kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula okuhlakaniphile nge-Intanethi Yezinto zezolimo ukuze luqaphe ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nokulawula kude kwazo zonke izixhumanisi emisebenzini yezolimo, lukhuthaze ulwazi oluhlakaniphile lokukhiqiza kwezolimo, ukuphathwa kanye nesinqumo samasu, futhi luqaphele ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukuqina, ubukhulu kanye nokulinganisa komkhiqizo wezolimo. Okokugcina, ukuxhumana okuqondile kwazo zonke izixhumanisi ekukhiqizweni kwezitshalo kanye nokuxhumana okuqondile kwazo zonke izixhumanisi kulo lonke uchungechunge lwemboni yezolimo kuzofezeka. Dala i-ecology yomnotho oyindilinga enesistimu yobuchwepheshe bokutshala, ipulatifomu yobuchopho bezolimo, ukuphepha kokudla kwezolimo, ipulatifomu yokuhweba ngemikhiqizo yezolimo, uhlelo olusha lwezezimali lweketanga lokuhlinzeka ngezolimo, ezokuvakasha zezolimo ezihlukile kanye nokutshala nokuzalanisa okuhambisanayo (Isithombe 2).

 

2.Ukuqapha ulwazi ngokuhlanganiswa kwamanzi nomanyolo

2.1 Isimiso Sesistimu

Uhlelo lunikeza impendulo engemihle ohlelweni lwamanzi nomanyolo ngokuthola okuqukethwe kwamanzi, i-EC, i-pH kanye namanye amanani e-matrix kakhukhunathi, edlala indima ebalulekile ekuqondiseni ukuchelela ngokunembile. Ngokwezici zezigcawu ezahlukene zokutshala, ngokuhlaziya nokucwaninga ngezici ze-matrix kanye nesakhiwo, ukuthuthukisa imodeli yokuchelela yesikhathi esibonakalayo, imodeli yokuchelela engaphansi nengaphansi yokubeka amanzi e-matrix; uhlelo lokuthola ulwazi oluhlanganisiwe lwamanzi nomanyolo lungalawula imodeli yokuchelela, ukwenza ngcono kanye nokuphindaphinda kungenziwa njalo enkambisweni yokusebenza nokugcinwa kokukhiqiza.

2.2 Ukwakheka Kwesistimu

Uhlelo luqukethe idivayisi yokuqoqa ukungena koketshezi, idivayisi yokuqoqa ukubuyisa uketshezi, idivayisi yokuqapha ye-substrate ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nengxenye yokuxhumana, lapho idivayisi yokuqoqa ukungena koketshezi iqukethe inzwa ye-pH, inzwa ye-EC, iphampu yamanzi, i-flowmeter nezinye izingxenye; kanti idivayisi yokuqoqa ukubuyisa uketshezi iqukethe inzwa yokucindezela, inzwa ye-pH, inzwa ye-EC nezinye izingxenye; Idivayisi yokuqapha ye-substrate ngesikhathi sangempela iqukethe ithreyi yokuqoqa ukubuyisa uketshezi, isikrini sesihlungi sokubuyisa uketshezi, inzwa yokucindezela, inzwa ye-pH, inzwa ye-EC, inzwa yokushisa nomswakama kanye nezinye izingxenye. Imodyuli yokuxhumana ifaka amamojula amabili e-LoRa, elilodwa egumbini lokulawula eliphakathi kanti elinye egumbini lokushisa (Isithombe 3). Kukhona ukuxhumana okunezintambo phakathi kwekhompyutha nengxenye yokuxhumana ebekwe egumbini lokulawula eliphakathi, kukhona ukuxhumana okungenantambo phakathi kwengxenye yokuxhumana ebekwe egumbini lokulawula eliphakathi kanye nengxenye yokuxhumana ebekwe egumbini lokushisa, futhi kukhona ukuxhumana okunezintambo phakathi kwengxenye yokuxhumana egumbini lokushisa kanye ne-relay, ingxenye yokuthola i-substrate kanye nengxenye yokuthola ukubuyisa uketshezi (Isithombe 4).

2.3 Imiphumela Yohlelo Lokusebenza

Umphumela wokunisela ngamanzi kanye nohlelo lokunisela olunikezwa yilolu hlelo lokuqapha uqhathaniswa nowesistimu yokunisela enikezwa abaphakeli bodwa. Uma kuqhathaniswa nowokugcina, ukunisela okujwayelekile ngesitshalo sikatamatisi ngasinye esinalolu hlelo lokuqapha kuncishiswa ngo-8.7% ngosuku, kanti umthamo woketshezi olubuyayo uncishiswa ngo-18%, kanti inani le-EC loketshezi olubuyayo liyafana, okubonisa ukuthi isixazululo sezakhamzimba esiningi sisetshenziswa izitshalo lapho lolu hlelo lokuqapha lusetshenziselwa ukunisela ngokomthetho wokumuncwa kwesisombululo sezakhamzimba yizitshalo. Ukusebenzisa lolu hlelo lokunisela oluhlakaniphile kunganciphisa inani lokunisela ngo-29% kanye nokubuya koketshezi ngo-53% ngokwesilinganiso uma kuqhathaniswa nokunisela okunesikhathi (Isithombe 5 ~ 6).

 

3. Uhlelo Lokulawula Imvelo Olusekelwe ku-IoT

Ibhekene nesidingo sokulawulwa okunembile kwama-node amakhulu e-spectral aguquguqukayo emafektri ezitshalo, ubuchwepheshe be-fusion Internet of Things buqaliswa ukuxazulula izinkinga zokutholwa kwama-node amakhulu nahlukene kanye nokulawulwa okunembile kwendawo yokukhanya yesitshalo. Uhlelo lokulawula ukukhanya oluhlakaniphile efektri yezitshalo luthatha izibani ze-LED ezihlakaniphile njengesithwali, futhi lwamukela ubuchwepheshe be-WF-IOT big data fusion Internet of Things ukwakha inethiwekhi enkulu ye-terminal esekela ukutholwa kwedatha, ukudluliselwa kanye nokulawulwa kwayo. Uhlelo lungahlukaniswa ngokukhululekile ngokwezidingo zokukhiqiza, futhi ukukhanya kwezibani zezibani zezitshalo kungalungiswa njalo ngesikhathi sangempela ngokuya ngezimo zokukhanya ezahlukene kanye nezidingo zokukhula kwezitshalo, ukuze kufezwe ukulawula okunembile kokukhanya okwengeziwe kanye nenani lokukhanya okwengeziwe (Isithombe 7). Ngenethiwekhi engaphandle, ukuqoqwa okunamandla kanye nokudluliselwa kwedatha yokuzwa efana nendawo nokukhanya kungafezwa, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuqapha ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ku-inthanethi kungafezwa, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kokukhanya okwengeziwe endaweni ngayinye yokukhula kungafinyelelwa ngesikhathi sangempela.

Uhlelo lufeza ukuphathwa okuhle kwezitshalo ngokuqoqa idatha yokulawula kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-greenhouse, futhi luqedela ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo "wemodeli yokuphathwa kwezitshalo". Ngokusebenzisa izinzwa zamanje, i-CO2, igesi yemvelo namanzi, ukuqoqwa kwedatha yokuqapha "uhlelo lwamandla" kuyenzeka. Kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokubona irobhothi, ngokusebenzisa idatha yombala wezithelo, inombolo yezithelo, usayizi wesiqu sezithelo, amaqabunga, iziqu njalo njalo, yonke inqubo yedatha yokukhula kwezitshalo iyaqashelwa futhi iqashelwe (Isithombe 8).

4.Inani Lokukhushulwa

Uhlelo lokusebenza nokulungisa oluhlakaniphile lwezolimo, olusebenzisa izinzuzo zesikhulumi se-inthanethi yezimboni, ukutshalwa kwezimali okukodwa, ukusetshenziswa kwezinsizakalo izikhathi eziningi, olusebenzisa umqondo wokwabelana nge-inthanethi yezimboni, lukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwe-inthanethi yezinto kwezolimo zezikhungo ngezindleko eziphansi kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, futhi luthuthukisa izinga elihlakaniphile neliluhlaza lezolimo zezikhungo. Uma sibheka iphrojekthi esebenzisa uhlelo eLaixi City, eQingdao njengesibonelo, izinga lokusetshenziswa okuphelele komanyolo lingafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-90%, okuphindwe kathathu kunelokulima inhlabathi yendabuko. Akukho ukukhishwa kwendle kokukhiqiza kuyo yonke inqubo, okusindisa amanzi angu-95% uma kuqhathaniswa nokulima ensimini futhi kunciphisa ukungcola komanyolo enhlabathini. Ngokuthola i-CO2 ku-greenhouse yilolu hlelo, izici zemvelo ezifana nokushisa nokukhanya ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-greenhouse kuhlaziywa ngokuphelele, futhi ukuhlinzekwa kwe-CO2 kulawulwa ngesikhathi sangempela, okungagcini nje ngokuhlangabezana nezidingo zezitshalo, kodwa futhi kugwema imfucuza, kuqinisa ngempumelelo i-photosynthesis yezitshalo, kusheshiswe ukuqoqwa kwama-carbohydrate, kwandisa isivuno ngeyunithi ngayinye futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yemifino. Isethi yonke yohlelo lokuphatha ukusebenza nokugcinwa kwezindawo zokulawula i-greenhouse ifezekise ukusebenza okuzenzakalelayo kwezikhungo zokulawula i-greenhouse, ukusebenza okuzenzakalelayo nokunembile kwemishini yesimo sezulu sonke, kunciphise izindleko zamandla ngo-10% kanye nezindleko zokusebenza ngesandla ngo-60%, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungenza izimpendulo zokuvikela njengokuvala ifasitela okokuqala esimweni sezulu esibi njengomoya onamandla, imvula neqhwa, kugwema ngempumelelo ukulahlekelwa yi-greenhouse uqobo kanye nezitshalo endlini ye-greenhouse lapho kubhekene nesimo sezulu esibi esingazelelwe.

5.Isiphetho

Intuthuko yesimanje yezolimo zezikhungo ayikwazi ukuhlukaniswa nesibusiso sohlelo lokuphatha oluhlakaniphile lwezolimo. Uhlelo lokuphatha oluhambisanayo kuphela olunokuqonda okuqinile, ukuhlaziya kanye nekhono lokwenza izinqumo olungaqhubeka nokuqhubekela phambili endleleni yesimanje. Uhlelo lokuphatha oluhlakaniphile lwezolimo lunciphisa kakhulu ukushiyeka kokuphathwa kokwenziwa futhi lukhuthaza ulwazi oluhlakaniphile lokukhiqiza kwezolimo, ukuphathwa kanye nezinqumo zamasu. Ngokwanda kokufakwayo kanye nokucebisa okuqhubekayo kwezimo zokusetshenziswa kohlelo, imodeli yalo yedatha idinga ukuvuselelwa futhi iphindwe njalo ngokusekelwe kudatha eyengeziwe, ibe nokuhlakanipha okwengeziwe, futhi ithuthukise ngokuphelele izinga lobuhlakani bezolimo zezikhungo zesimanje.

ISIPHETHO

[ulwazi lokucaphuna]

Umbhali wokuqala uSha Bifeng, uZhang Zheng, njll. Ubuchwepheshe Bobunjiniyela Bezolimo Bokulima Okushisa Indlu Ephreli 19, 2024 10:47 Beijing