Umbhali: I-Yamin Li neHouungEng Liu, njll, ukusuka ekolishi le-horticulture, eNyuvesi yezoLimo laseNingizimu China

Umthombo We-Article: I-Greenhouse Horticulculture

Izinhlobo zezakhiwo ze-HORRILCILCULICTUNE ikakhulukazi zibandakanya izindawo zokugcina izithombo zepulasitiki, izithombo zokugcina izithombo zelanga, izithombo zokugcina izithombo eziningi, kanye nezindawo zokugcina izitshalo. Ngoba izakhiwo zezindawo zivimba imithombo yokukhanya yemvelo ziye ngezinga elithile, akukho ukukhanya kwasendlini okunganele, okubuye kunciphise isivuno sezitshalo nekhwalithi. Ngakho-ke, ukukhanya okungeziwe kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ezitshalweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme neziphezulu zesivuno sezindawo, kepha sekuyinto enkulu ekwandeni kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nezindleko zokusebenza ezisebenzayo kuleso sikhungo.

Isikhathi eside, imithombo yokukhanya yokufakelwa esetshenziswa emkhakheni we-hortility porticulture ifaka phakathi isibani esiphakeme se-sodium, isibani se-soorescent, isibani sensimbi, njll. Izibani ezivelele zokukhiqiza okuphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesizukulwane esisha esikhanyiselwe ukukhanya kwe-diode (i-LED) kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukusebenzisa umthombo wokukhanya ophansi wokufakelwa emkhakheni we-hortility horticulture. I-LED inezinzuzo zokuguqulwa kwezithombe eziphakeme, i-DC Power, ivolumu encane, impilo ende, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, imisebe ephansi eshisayo kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Qhathanisa nesibani se-sodium esiphakeme nesibani se-fluorescent esivame ukusetshenziswa njengamanje, i-LED ayikwazi nje ukulungisa inani elikhanyayo nekhwalithi (isilinganiso sokukhanya okuhlukahlukene kwe-band) ngokwezidingo zokukhula kwezitshalo, futhi kungahle kulungise izitshalo kude Ukukhanya kwayo okubandayo, ngakho-ke, inani lezingqimba zokutshala kanye nezinga lokusetshenziswa kwesikhala zingathuthukiswa, futhi imisebenzi yokulondolozwa kwamandla, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwendawo okungathathelwa indawo ngumthombo wokukhanya kwendabuko kungaba wabona.

Ngokusekelwe kulezi zinzuzo, i-LED isetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekukhanyiseni kwamasiko, ucwaningo oluyisisekelo lwendawo etholakalayo, isiko lezicubu zezitshalo, isithombo se-aerospace secosystem kanye nesithombo semvelo ye-aerospace. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukusebenza kwe-LED kukhule ukukhanyisa, intengo iyancipha, futhi zonke izinhlobo zemikhiqizo enama-wavelength athile athuthukiswa kancane kancane, ngakho-ke isicelo sayo emkhakheni wezolimo ne-biology sizoba abanzi.

Le ndatshana ifingqa isimo sokucwaninga esiholwa emkhakheni we-Gelity Horticulture, igxile ekusetshenzisweni kwesibani esengeziwe se-LED ekukhanyiseni kwe-biology, ikhwalithi yokudla okulimele, ukwakhiwa kanye nesicelo Ifomula elikhanyayo, kanye nokuhlaziya kanye namathemba ezinkinga zamanje kanye namathemba e-LED Supplemental Light Technology.

Umphumela wokukhanya okungeziwe kwe-LED ekukhuleni kwezilimo ze-horticultural

Imiphumela yokulawula yokukhanya ekukhuleni kwezitshalo nasekuthuthukiseni izitshalo, i-stem eluhlaza, iqabunga kanye nentuthuko yezimpande, i-PhotoroPopy, i-chlorophyll synthesition kanye nokungeniswa kwezimbali. Izici zemvelo zokukhanyisa endaweni zifaka phakathi ubukhulu bokukhanya, umjikelezo wokukhanya nokusatshalaliswa okubukekayo. Izinto zingalungiswa ngesengezo sokukhanya okufakelwa ngaphandle komkhawulo wezimo zezulu.

Njengamanje, okungenani kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-Photoreceptors ezitshalweni: phytochrome (ukumunca ukukhanya okubomvu kanye nokukhanya okubomvu okude), i-cryptochrome Ukusetshenziswa komthombo okhanyayo we-wavelength ku-irradiate izilimo kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezithombe zezitshalo, kusheshise ukukhanya morphogenesis, futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula kanye nentuthuko yezitshalo. I-Red Orange Light (610 ~ 720 NM) kanye nokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (400 ~ 510 nm) kusetshenziswe kwi-Plant Photosynthesis. Usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-LED, ukukhanya kwe-monochromatic (njengokukhanya okubomvu okune-660nm Peak, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nge-450nm peak, njll.) Kungakhuphuka ngokuhambisana nebhendi enamandla kakhulu ye-chlorophyll, kanye nobubanzi besizinda esibukekayo kungu- ± 20 nm.

Njengamanje kukholakala ukuthi ukukhanya okubomvu kwe-orange kuzosheshisa kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo, ukwakheka kwama-bulbs, ama-tubers, amaqabunga amaqabunga nezinye izitho zomsebenzi, futhi kudlale indima eholayo ekuthuthukisweni kombala wesitshalo; I-Blue and Violet Light ingalawula i-Phototropism yamaqabunga ezitshalo, ukukhuthaza ukunyakaza kokuvulwa kwe-stomata kanye ne-chloroplast, vimbela ukunwebeka kwesiqu, ukubambezela ukugeleza kwezitshalo, nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwezitho zomzimba; Inhlanganisela ye-LED ebomvu neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka inganxephezela ukukhanya okunganele kombala owodwa walaba bobabili futhi kwakha inani eliphakeme lokutholwa okuhambisana ne-crop photosynthesis kanye ne-morphology. Izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla okukhanya kwamandla lingafinyelela kuma-80% kuma-90%, futhi umphumela wokonga amandla ubalulekile.

Ifakwe ngamalambu okungezelelwa kwe-LED endaweni yokulima yendawo angafinyelela ekwandeni okukhulu kakhulu ekukhiqizeni. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi inani lezithelo, okuphelele okuphelele kanye nesisindo se-utamatisi ngayinye ye-cherry ngaphansi kokukhanya okungezelelweyo kwama-300 μmol / (ama-8: 00-20: 00) zibalulekile kwanda. Ukukhanya okungezelelweyo kwe-LED strip kukhuphuke ngo-42.67%, ama-66.89% no-16.97% ngokulandelana, futhi ukukhanya okungeziwe kweshubhu le-LED kukhuphuke ngo-48.91%, 94.86% kanye ne-30.86% ngokulandelana. Ukukhanya okuholwa kwe-LED ye-LED kukhulisa ukukhanyisa ukukhanyisa ngesikhathi sonke isikhathi [isilinganiso sokukhanya okubomvu nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka singu-3: 2, futhi ukuqina kokukhanya kuyi-300 μmol / (m²mol) indawo ngayinye yeyunithi ye-chiehwa ne-isitshalo seqanda. I-Chikuquan inyuke ngo-5.3% no-15.6%, futhi isitshalo seqanda sandisiwe ngo-7.6% no-7.8%. Ngekhwalithi ekhanyayo ye-LED kanye nokuqina kwalo nobude besikhathi sokukhula sonke, umjikelezo wokukhula kwezitshalo ungafinyezwa, isivuno sokuhweba, ikhwalithi yokudla kanye nenani lokuziphatha kwemvelo yemikhiqizo yezolimo lingathuthukiswa, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla, ukonga amandla kanye Ukukhiqizwa kwengqondo ukukhiqizwa kwezezimali izilimo ze-hotility izilimo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-LED Supplement Light emvemeni Yezithombo Yemifino

Ukulawula isitshalo se-morphology kanye nokukhula kanye nentuthuko ngomthombo wokukhanya we-LED ubuchwepheshe obabalulekile emkhakheni wokutshala ama-greenhouse. Izitshalo eziphakeme zinokuzwa futhi zithola amasiginali okukhanya ngezinhlelo ze-Photoreceptor njenge-phytochrome, cryptochrome, kanye ne-photororolor, futhi aqhube izinguquko ze-morphological ngokusebenzisa izithunywa ze-intracellular ukulawula izicubu zezitshalo nezitho. I-Photomorphogeneis isho ukuthi izitshalo zincike ekukhanyeni ukulawula umehluko weseli, izinguquko ezihlelekile kanye nezithonjana, okubandakanya nethonya ekuhlumeni kwembewu ethile, ukukhushulwa kokukhula kwe-apical, ukunqanyulwa kokukhula kwesikhathi , ne-Tropism.

Ukulima isithombo semifino kuyingxenye ebalulekile yezolimo. Isimo sezulu esiqhubekayo semvula sizodala ukukhanya okunganele esikhungweni, futhi izithombo zithambekele ekukhuliseni, ezizothinta ukukhula kwemifino, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimbali kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezithelo, futhi kugcina kuthinta isivuno sabo kanye nekhwalithi yabo. Ekhiqizweni, abanye abalawuli bokukhula kwezitshalo, njengeGibbellin, i-Auxin, i-paclobutrazol ne-chlorrequat, basetshenziselwa ukulawula ukukhula kwezithombo. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa okungenangqondo kwabalawuli bokukhula kwezitshalo kungangcolisa kalula imvelo yemifino nezindawo, impilo yabantu ayilungile.

Ukukhanya okungeziwe kwe-LED kunezinzuzo eziningi ezihlukile zokukhanya okungezelelweyo, futhi kuyindlela engenzeka yokusebenzisa isibani sokungezelela kwe-LED ukukhulisa izithombo. Esisekelweni se-LED Shight [25 ± 5 5 μmol / (m² μmol / (m² μmol)] Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngaphansi kwesimo sokukhanya okuphansi [0 ~ 35 amakhukhamba izithombo. Ukukhanya okubomvu nokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuvimbela ukukhula kwesithombo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhanya okubuthakathaka kwemvelo, inkomba yesithombo eqinile yezithombo ezingezelwe ngokukhanya okubomvu nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka inyuke ngo-151.26% no-237.98%, ngokulandelana. Uma kuqhathaniswa nekhwalithi yokukhanya ye-monochromatic, inkomba yezithombo eziqinile eziqukethe izinto ezibomvu nezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphansi kokwelashwa kwe-compound light supplement light kukhuphuke ngo-304.46%.

Ukungeza ukukhanya okubomvu kukhukhamba izithombo kungakhuphula inani lamaqabunga eqiniso, indawo yamaqabunga, ububanzi bezitshalo, ikhwalithi ye-stem, i-active ye-stream, umsebenzi we-tusled, okuqukethwe kwe-tunciin izithombo zamaprotheni. Ukufaka i-UV-B kungakhuphula okuqukethwe kwe-chlorophyll a, chlorophyll B nama-carotenoids kumaqabunga amakhukhamba ezinhlamvu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhanya kwemvelo, ukwengeza ukukhanya okubomvu okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungakhulisa kakhulu indawo yamaqabunga, ikhwalithi esomile yendaba nenkomba yesithombo eqinile yezithombo zamatamatisi. Ukungezelela Ukukhanya Okubomvu Kwe-LED nokukhanya okuluhlaza okukhuphuka kakhulu ukuphakama nokuqina kwesiqu sezithombo zamatamatisi. I-LED Green Light Attement Ukwelashwa Kwezibane kungakhulisa kakhulu i-biomass yekhukhamba kanye nezithombo zamatamatisi, kanye nesisindo esisha nesomile sezinhlamvu zokwenyuka ngokukhanya okukhanyayo okukhanyayo, ngenkathi i-squem eqinile ye-utamatisi Izithombo zonke zilandela ukukhanya okuluhlaza okulula. Ukwanda kwamandla kuyanda. Inhlanganisela ye-LED Red and Blue Light ingakhuphula ubukhulu besiqu, indawo yamaqabunga, isisindo esomile sesitshalo sonke, impande ukudubula isilinganiso, nenkomba yesithombo eqinile ye-isitshalo seqanda. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhanya okumhlophe, ukukhanya okubomvu kwe-LED kungakhulisa i-biomass yezithombo zeklabishi futhi zikhuthaze ukukhula kwe-elonglation kanye nokunwetshwa kwamaqabunga izithombo zeklabishi. Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kukhuthaza ukukhula okuwugqinsi, ukunqwabelana kwendaba ezomile kanye nenkomba yesithombo eqinile yezithombo zeklabishi, futhi yenza izithombo zeklabishi zincane. Imiphumela engenhla ikhombisa ukuthi izinzuzo zezithombo zemifino ezitshalwe nge-Light Report Technology zisobala kakhulu.

Umphumela wokukhanya okungeziwe kwe-LED ngekhwalithi yokudla okunempilo kanye nemifino

Amaprotheni, ushukela, i-organic acid kanye namavithamini aqukethe izithelo nemifino yizinto zokudla okunempilo ezizuzisa impilo yabantu. Ikhwalithi ekhanyayo ingathinta okuqukethwe kwe-VC ezitshalweni ngokulawula umsebenzi we-vc synthesis kanye ne-enzyme ebolayo, futhi kungalawula i-protein metabolism kanye ne-carbohyddlerte ukunqwabelana kwezitshalo ezilimayo. Ukukhanya okubomvu kukhuthaza ukunqwabelana kwe-carbohydrate, ukwelashwa okukhanyayo okuluhlaza okuzuzisa ukwakheka kwamaprotheni, kuyilapho inhlanganisela yokukhanya okubomvu nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ingathuthukisa ikhwalithi yokudla okunempilo ephakeme kakhulu kunaleyo yokukhanya kwe-monochromatic.

Ukungezwa ukukhanya okubomvu noma okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunganciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-nitterate ku-lettuce, engeza ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okuluhlaza kungakhuthaza ukunqwabelana koshukela oncibilikayo ku-lettuce ku-lettuce. Imiphumela ikhombisile ukuthi isengezo sokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka singathuthukisa okuqukethwe kwe-VC nokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni okuncibilikayo utamatisi; Ukukhanya okubomvu nokukhanya okubili okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungakhuthaza ushukela nokuqukethwe kwe-acid yezithelo ze-utamatisi, futhi isilinganiso soshukela ku-acid sasiphezulu kakhulu ngaphansi kokukhanya okuhlangene okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka; Ukukhanya okubili okuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungathuthukisa okuqukethwe kwe-VC kwezithelo zamakhukhamba.

Ama-Phenols, ama-flavonoids, ama-anthocyanins nezinye izinto ezikuthelo nemifino azisatholi ithonya elibalulekile kumbala, ukunambitheka kanye nenani le-antioxidant yezithelo nemifino, futhi lingavimba ngempumelelo noma lisuse ama-radicals asemzimbeni womuntu.

Kusetshenziswa ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuhoxa ukunqwama kungakhuphula kakhulu okuqukethwe kwe-anthocyanin kwesikhumba se-anthocyanin ngesibani se-73.6%, ngenkathi kusetshenziswa ukukhanya okubomvu okubomvu nokuhlanganiswa okuluhlaza kungakhuphula okuqukethwe kwama-flavonoids kanye nama-phenols aphelele. Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungakhuthaza ukunqwabelana kweLycopene, ama-Flavonoids nama-anthocyanins ngezithelo zamatamatisi. Ukuhlanganiswa kokukhanya okubomvu nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwama-anthocyanin ngezinga elithile, kepha kuvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwama-flavonoids. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokwelashwa okumhlophe okumhlophe, ukwelashwa okukhanyayo okubomvu kungakhuphula kakhulu okuqukethwe kwe-anthocyanin kwamahlumela we-lettuce, kepha ukwelashwa okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kwe-anthocyanin. Ukuqukethwe okuphelele kweqabunga leqabunga eliluhlaza, iqabunga elinsomi kanye ne-red amaqabunga le-lettuce laliphezulu ngaphansi kokukhanya okumhlophe, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kepha kwakuphansi kakhulu ngaphansi kokukhanya okukhanyayo. Ukufaka okunye okuholayo kwe-LED ultraviolet ukukhanya noma ukukhanya kwewolintshi kungakhuphula okuqukethwe kwamakhompiyutha we-phenolic ngamaqabunga e-letotuce, ngenkathi ukusetha ukukhanya okuluhlaza kungakhuphula okuqukethwe kwama-anthocyanins. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-LED Grow Light kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokulawula ikhwalithi yokudla kwezithelo nemifino ekulimeni kwezimo ezinkambisweni.

Umphumela wokukhanya okungeziwe okuholwa ekulweni nezitshalo

Ukuwohloka kwe-Chlorophyll, ukulahleka okusheshayo kwamaprotheni kanye ne-rna hydrolysis ngesikhathi sesenascence yesitshalo kubonakaliswa ikakhulukazi njengesende yeqabunga. I-Chloroplasts izwela kakhulu izinguquko endaweni yokukhanya yangaphandle, ithintwe ikakhulukazi ngekhwalithi ekhanyayo. Ukukhanya okubomvu, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokukhanya okuhlangene okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuyasiza ku-chloroplast morphogenesis, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kulungele ukunqwabelana okusanhlamvu kwesitashi ku-chloroplasts, futhi, ukukhanya okubomvu nokukhanya okubomvu nokukhanya okubomvu kunomthelela omubi ekuthuthukisweni kwe-chloroplast. Inhlanganisela yokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokukhanya okubomvu nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungakhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwe-chlorophyll kumaqabunga ezinhlamvu zekhukhamba, kanye nenhlanganisela yokukhanya okubomvu nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungabambezela ukufakwa kokuqukethwe kweqabunga le-chlorophyll esiteji esizayo. Lo mphumela usobala ngokwengeziwe ngokuncipha kwesilinganiso sokukhanya esibomvu kanye nokwanda kwesilinganiso esikhanyayo esiluhlaza. Ukuqukethwe kwe-chlorophyll kwamaqabunga e-Cucumber izithombo ngaphansi kwe-LED Red nokwelashwa okukhanyayo okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka bekuphakeme kakhulu kunalokho kulawulwa ukukhanya okukhanyayo kanye nokwelashwa okukhanyayo okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungakhulisa kakhulu i-chlorophyll ye-A / B ye-WUTACAI ne-Green Garlic Izithombo.

Ngesikhathi sesendence, kukhona amaCytokinins (CTK), i-AUXIN (IAA), izinguquko zokuqukethwe ze-Abscisic acid (i-ABA) kanye nezinguquko ezahlukahlukene emsebenzini we-enzyme. Okuqukethwe ama-hormone ezitshalo athintwa kalula yindawo ekhanyayo. Izimfanelo ezihlukile zokukhanya zinemiphumela ehlukile yokulawula kuma-hormone wezitshalo, kanye nezinyathelo zokuqala ze-light signal trandwal payday zibandakanya ama-cytokinins.

I-CTK ikhuthaza ukwanda kwama-leaf cell, kuthuthukisa i-photosynthesis yeqabunga, ngenkathi ivimbela imisebenzi ye-ribonuclease, i-deoxyribonuclease kanye nokuthola amandla okuwohloka, amaprotheni kanye ne-chlorophyll, ngakho-ke kungabambezela kakhulu insercence yamaqabunga. Kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kokulawulwa kokukhanya okulula nokukhanya kwe-CTK, futhi ukukhanya kungavusa ukukhuphuka kwamazinga e-Cytokinin ama-endosnous. Lapho izicubu zezitshalo zisesimweni sesende, okuqukethwe kwabo endodenous cytokinin kuyancipha.

I-IAA yagxiliswa kakhulu ezingxenyeni zokukhula okunamandla, futhi kunokuqukethwe okuncane kakhulu ezicutshini zokuguga noma izitho. Ukukhanya kweViolet kungakhuphula umsebenzi we-Indole acetic acid oxidase, futhi amazinga aphansi we-IAA angavimbela ukugcwala nokukhula kwezitshalo.

Abakwa-Aba bakhiwa ikakhulukazi izicubu zamaqabunga amaqabunga, izithelo ezivuthiwe, izimbewu, iziqu, izimpande nezinye izingxenye. Okuqukethwe kwe-ABA ikhukhamba kanye neklabishi ngaphansi kwenhlanganisela yokukhanya okubomvu nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuphansi kunalokho okukhanyayo nokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

I-Peroxidase (pod), i-superoxide dismutase (sod), i-ascorbate petroxidase (apx), i-catalase (ikati) ibaluleke kakhulu futhi ihlobene nokuvimbela ama-enzyme ezitshalweni. Uma izitshalo zikhula, imisebenzi yalezi ama-enzyme izoncipha ngokushesha.

Izimfanelo ezihlukile zokukhanya zinemiphumela ebalulekile emisebenzini ye-Entioxidant enzyme. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-9 zokwelashwa okubomvu okubomvu, umsebenzi we-apx wezithombo zokudlwengulwa ukhuphuke kakhulu, futhi umsebenzi we-pod wehla. Umsebenzi we-POD katamatisi ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-15 zokukhanya okubomvu nokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka bekuphakeme kunaleso sokukhanya okumhlophe ngo-20.9% no-11.7%, ngokulandelana. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20 zokwelashwa okukhanyayo okuluhlaza, umsebenzi we-pod katamatisi wawuphansi kakhulu, ngu-55.4% wokukhanya okumhlophe. Ukufaka isibani se-4h esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungakhulisa kakhulu okuqukethwe kwamaprotheni okuncibilikayo, pod, sod, apx, kanye nemisebenzi ye-enzyme yekati emaqabunga amafula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisebenzi ye-sod ne-apx incane kancane kancane ngokunwebeka kokukhanya. Umsebenzi we-sod ne-apx ngaphansi kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokukhanya okubomvu kuncipha kancane kepha kuhlala kuphakeme kunalokho okukhanya okumhlophe. I-Red Light irradiation ihlehlise kakhulu i-peroxidase kanye ne-IAA petroxidase imisebenzi yamaqabunga e-utamatisi kanye ne-IAA Peroxidase yamaqabunga e-isitshalo seqanda, kepha kudale umsebenzi we-peroxidase wamaqabunga ama-eggplant ukukhulisa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukwamukela isu elinengqondo elivumelanayo lokungezelela kungabambezela ngempumelelo insenascence yendawo yezilimo ze-hotility hortural kanye nokwenza ngcono isivuno nekhwalithi.

Ukwakha nokusetshenziswa kwefomula ekhanyayo ye-LED

Ukukhula kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo kuthinteka kakhulu yikhwalithi ekhanyayo kanye nezilinganiso zayo zokwakhiwa. Ifomula ekhanyayo ikakhulukazi ifaka izinto eziningi ezifana nesilinganiso sekhwalithi yokukhanya, ubukhulu obukhanyayo, nesikhathi sokukhanya. Njengoba izitshalo ezahlukene zinezidingo ezihlukile zokukhula nokukhula kwezigaba zokukhula nezigaba zokuthuthuka, inhlanganisela enhle kakhulu yekhwalithi ekhanyayo, ukuqina kokukhanya nesikhathi sokukhanya okulula kuyadingeka ezitshalweni ezitshaliwe.

 +:Isilinganiso sokukhanya okukhanyayo

Uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhanya okumhlophe nokukhanya okubomvu okukodwa nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, inhlanganisela ye-LED Red and Blue Light inethuba eliphelele ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwamakhukhamba kanye nentuthuko yekhukhamba kanye nentuthuko yeklabishi.

Lapho isilinganiso sokukhanya okubomvu nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka singu-8: 2, isitshalo esishubile, ukuphakama kwesitshalo, isisindo esomile, isisindo esisha, inkomba enkulu kakhulu, futhi kukhuphuka kakhulu, futhi kusiza kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwe-chloroplast matrix futhi I-Basal Lamella kanye nokukhishwa kwezinto zokutholwa.

Ukusetshenziswa kwenhlanganisela ye-Red, Green and Blue For RED SRREMS kuzuzisa ukunqwabelana kwayo okwomile, futhi ukukhanya okuluhlaza kungakhuthaza ukunqwabelana okungokweyo okubomvu kwamahlumela abomvu ubhontshisi. Ukukhula kusobala kakhulu lapho isilinganiso sokukhanya okubomvu, okuluhlaza okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungu-6: 2: 1. Umphumela we-Red Bean Sproung Imifino Elengation Econgation Ency yayihamba phambili ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esibomvu nesibhakabhaka esikhanyayo esingu-8: 1, kanye ne-Red Sprout Hypocotyl Elengation ngokusobala ivinjelwe ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esibomvu ne-6, kodwa okuqukethwe bekuphezulu kakhulu.

Lapho isilinganiso sokukhanya okubomvu nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka singu-8: 1 ukuthola izithombo ezilolulo, inkomba yesithombo eqinile nokuqukethwe koshukela okunenciphile kwezithombo ezinoshukela eziphakeme kakhulu. Lapho usebenzisa ikhwalithi ekhanyayo ngesilinganiso sokukhanya okubomvu nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okungu-6: 3, i-chlorophyll okuqukethwe, okuqukethwe kwe-chlorophyll A / B, kanye nokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni okuncibilikayo kwakuphezulu kakhulu.

Lapho usebenzisa isilinganiso esingu-3: 1 sokukhanya okubomvu nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ku-celery, kungakhuthaza ngempumelelo ukwanda kokuphakama kwezitshalo zesilimo ngokomuntu, ubude be-petiole, i-FREE FROTE, okuqukethwe kwe-vc, okuqukethwe kweprotheni okuncibilikayo nokuqukethwe koshukela. Kuma-utamatisi kulinywe, okwandisa isilinganiso sokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kukhuthaza ukwakheka kweLycopene, ama-Amino acid nama-flavonoroids, nokwandisa isilinganiso sokukhanya okubomvu kukhuthaza ukwakheka kwama-acids athambile. Lapho ukukhanya okunesilinganiso sokukhanya okubomvu nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuvumelanisa amaqabunga angu-8: 1, kuyasiza ekuqongeleleni kwama-carotenoids, futhi kunciphise ngempumelelo okuqukethwe kwe-nitrate nokwenyusa okuqukethwe kwe-VC.

 +:Ukuqina okukhanyayo

Izitshalo ezikhula ngaphansi kokukhanya okubuthakathaka zitholakala kalula ePhothiInhibition kunokukhanya okuqinile. Izinga le-Photosynthetic yezithombo zetamatisi likhuphuka ngokwanda kokuqina kokukhanya [okungu-150, ama-200, ama-300, 450, 550μmol / (m² ·m / (m² · S) ukufinyelela ubukhulu. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo, indawo yamaqabunga, okuqukethwe kwamanzi nokuqukethwe kwe-lettuce kukhuphuke kakhulu ngaphansi kwe-150μmol / (m²-) ukwelashwa okukhanyayo. Ngaphansi kuka-200μmol / (m²-) ukwelashwa okukhanyayo, isisindo esisha, isisindo esisha kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-amino acid yamahhala kwakukhuphuke kakhulu, futhi ngaphansi kokwelashwa kwama-300μ) ukuqina, indawo yamaqabunga, okuqukethwe kwamanzi , i-chlorophyll a, i-chlorophyll A + B nama-carotenoids we-lettuce konke kwehlile. Uma kuqhathaniswa nobumnyama, ngokwanda kwe-LED kukhulisa ukukhanya okuncane [3, 9, 15 μmol / (m² μmol / (m² μmol) Okuqukethwe kwe-VC kuphakeme kakhulu ku-3μmol / (m² · s), kanye namaprotheni ancibilikayo, ushukela oncibilikayo kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-sucrose kuphezulu kakhulu ku-9μMol / (m² · s). Ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezifanayo, ngokwanda kokukhanya okukhanyayo [(2 ~,5) lx × 103 lx, (4 ~,5) lx × 103 lx, (6 ~,5) lx × 103 lx], isikhathi sesithombo sezithombo zepelepele Ifinyeziwe, okuqukethwe ushukela we-soluble kukhuphuke, kepha okuqukethwe kwe-chlorophyll a nama-carotenoids ancipha kancane kancane.

 +:Isikhathi Esikhanyayo

Ukunwebeka kahle isikhathi sokukhanya kungadambisa ukucindezelwa okuphansi okubangelwa ukuqina okunganele okulula, kusiza ukunqwabelana kwemikhiqizo yezilimo ze-horticultural, futhi uzuze umphumela wokwandisa isivuno kanye nokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi. Okuqukethwe kwe-VC amahlumela kukhombisa ukuthamba okukhulayo kancane kancane ngokunwebeka kwesikhathi sokukhanya (0, 4, 8, 16, 20h / ngosuku Ngokwanda kwesikhathi sokukhanya (12, 15, 18h), isisindo esisha sezitshalo zeklabishi yaseChinese ikhuphuke kakhulu. Okuqukethwe kwe-VC kumaqabunga kanye nokhipha iklabishi yaseChina kwakuphezulu kakhulu ngo-15 no-12h, ngokulandelana. Ukuqukethwe kwamaprotheni okuncibilikayo kwamaqabunga eklabishi laseShayina kwehle kancane kancane, kepha iziqu zaziphakeme kakhulu ngemuva kwe-18h. Ukuqukethwe ushukela oncibilikayo kwama-chinese iklabishi amaqabunga anda kancane, ngenkathi ukhipha iziqu kwakuphakeme kakhulu nge-12h. Lapho isilinganiso sokukhanya okubomvu nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka singu-1: 2, uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi sokukhanya esingu-12h, ukwelashwa okukhanyayo kwe-20h kunciphisa okuqukethwe okuyisihlobo se-venols amaqabunga, kepha lapho isilinganiso sokukhanya okubomvu okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka singu-2: 1, Ukwelashwa okukhanyayo okungu-20h kwanda kakhulu okuqukethwe okuhlobene kwama-phenols aphelele nama-flavonoids ku-lettuce leqabunga eliluhlaza.

Ukusuka okungenhla, kungabonakala ukuthi amafomula ahlukile akhanyayo anemiphumela ehlukene ku-Photosynthesis, Photomorphobhekesis kanye nekhabhoni ne-nitrogen metabolism ye-ahlukene izinhlobo zezitshalo. Ungayithola kanjani ifomula engcono kakhulu yokukhanya, ukumiswa komthombo okhanyayo kudinga izinhlobo zezitshalo njengendawo yokuqala, futhi, izinguquko ezifanele kufanele zenziwe ngokuya ngezidingo zezimo zezolimo, izinhloso zokukhiqiza, izici zokukhiqiza, njll. Ukufeza inhloso yokulawulwa okukhaliphile kwemvelo ekhanyayo nezilimo ezisezingeni eliphakeme nezivuneka kakhulu ezinamakhambi ngaphansi kwezimo zokonga amandla.

Izinkinga ezikhona namathemba

Inzuzo ebalulekile ye-LED Grow Light ukuthi kungenza ukulungiswa kwenhlanganisela okuhlakaniphile ngokwesidingo Spyctrum yezimpawu zezithombe, i-morphology, ikhwalithi kanye nesivuno sezitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezilimo nezikhathi zokukhula ezahlukahlukene zesitshalo esifanayo zonke zinezidingo ezihlukile zekhwalithi ekhanyayo, ubukhulu bokukhanya kanye ne-Photoporiod. Lokhu kudinga ukuthuthukiswa okwengeziwe kanye nokwenza ngcono ukucwaninga kwefomula yokukhanya ukuze wakhe i-database enkulu yefomula yokukhanya. Kuhlanganiswe nocwaningo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamalambu ochwepheshe, inani eliphakeme lamalambu okungezelelwa kwe-LED kuzinhlelo zezolimo lingabonakala, ukuze kusonge kangcono amandla, ngcono ukukhiqizwa kokukhiqiza kanye nezinzuzo zomnotho. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-LED kukhulisa ukukhanya endaweni yokulima yesakhiwo kukhombisile ubungqabavu, kepha intengo yezibani eziholayo noma amadivaysi aphezulu kakhulu, kanti ukutshalwa kwemali kwesikhathi kukhulu. Izidingo zokukhanya ezingezansi zezilimo ezahlukahlukene ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene zezemvelo azicaci, i-supplement Light Spectrum, amandla angenangqondo nesikhathi sokukhanya azokwenza kahle izinkinga ezisetshenziselwa imboni yokukhanyisa.

Kodwa-ke, ngentuthuko kanye nokwenza ngcono ubuchwepheshe kanye nokwehliswa kwezindleko zokukhiqiza ze-LED kukhule ukukhanya, ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe okuholwa kuzosetshenziswa kabanzi eqenjini le-portility. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nenqubekela phambili yohlelo lwezobuchwepheshe lwe-LED Supplementary Technology kanye nenhlanganisela yamandla amasha kuzothuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezolimo lesikhungo, ezolimo zomndeni, ezolimo zasemadolobheni kanye nezolimo zesikhala zokuhlangabezana nesidingo sabantu sezilimo ezikhethekile.