|Isifinyezo|

Kusetshenziswa utshani lwe-rye njengento yokuhlola, indlela yokukhulisa ithreyi ye-plug tray matrix enamathreyi angu-32 yasetshenziswa ukutadisha imiphumela yamazinga okutshala (ama-grain angu-7, angu-14/ithreyi) ezivunweni ezintathu zotshani lwe-rye oluhlanyelwe ngokukhanya okumhlophe kwe-LED (izinsuku ezingu-17, ezingu-34, ezingu-51) emthonjeni. Imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi utshani lwe-rye lungakhula ngokujwayelekile ngaphansi kwe-LED yokukhanya okumhlophe, futhi isivinini sokuvuselela sishesha ngemva kokusika, futhi lungakhiqizwa ngokwezindlela eziningi zokuvuna. Izinga lokutshala imbewu libe nomthelela omkhulu esivunweni. Ngesikhathi sokusika okuthathu, isivuno sama-grain angu-14/ithreyi sasiphezulu kunesa-grain angu-7/ithreyi. Isivuno samazinga amabili okutshala imbewu sibonise ukuthambekela kokwehla kokuqala bese sikhula. Isivuno esiphelele sama-grain angu-7/ithreyi kanye nama-grain angu-14/ithreyi sasingu-11.11 kanye no-15.51 kg/㎡, ngokulandelana, futhi sinamandla okusetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano.

Izimpahla nezindlela

Izinto Zokuhlola Nezindlela

Izinga lokushisa efektri yesitshalo lalingu-24±2 °C, umswakama ohlobene wawungu-35%–50%, kanti ukuhlushwa kwe-CO2 kwakungu-500±50 μmol/mol. Kwasetshenziswa isibani sephaneli esimhlophe se-LED esinobukhulu obungu-49 cm×49 cm ukukhanyisa, kanti isibani sephaneli sabekwa ku-40 cm ngaphezu kwetreyi yepulaki. Isilinganiso se-matrix yi-peat: i-perlite: i-vermiculite = 3:1:1, engeza amanzi acwengekile ukuze uxube ngokulinganayo, lungisa okuqukethwe kwamanzi kube ngu-55%~60%, bese uyigcina amahora angu-2~3 ngemuva kokuba i-matrix imunce amanzi ngokugcwele bese uyifaka ngokulinganayo ku-54 cm × 28 cm epulaki enezimbobo ezingu-32. Khetha imbewu ekhuluphele futhi efanayo ngobukhulu bokuhlwanyela.

Umklamo Wokuhlola

Ukukhanya kwe-LED emhlophe kusethwe ku-350 μmol/(㎡/s), ukusatshalaliswa kwe-spectral kunjengoba kuboniswe esithombeni, isikhathi sokukhanya-ubumnyama singamahora angu-16/8, kanti isikhathi sokukhanya singamahora angu-5:00~21:00. Ubuningi bokuhlwanyela imbewu obuyizinhlamvu ezingu-7 kanye no-14/imbobo bubekwe ukuze kuhlwanyelwe. Kulolu vivinyo, imbewu yahlwanyelwa ngoNovemba 2, 2021. Ngemva kokuhlwanyela, yatshalwa ebumnyameni. Ukukhanyisa kwaqalwa ngoNovemba 5. Ngesikhathi sokutshala ukukhanya, isixazululo sezakhamzimba saseHoagland sanezelwa kuthreyi yezithombo.

I-Spectrum yokukhanya okumhlophe kwe-LED

Izinkomba Zokuvuna Nezindlela

Uma siqaphela ukuthi lapho ukuphakama okumaphakathi kwezitshalo kufinyelela ukuphakama kwesibani sephaneli, sivune. Zanqunywa ngoNovemba 22, Disemba 9 kanye noDisemba 26, ngokulandelana, ngesikhawu sezinsuku ezingu-17. Ukuphakama kwezinhlanga kwakungu-2.5±0.5 cm, futhi izitshalo zakhethwa ngokungahleliwe emigodini emi-3 ngesikhathi sokuvuna, kanti utshani obuvuniwe balinganiswa futhi baqoshwa, futhi isivuno ngemitha yesikwele sabalwa ngefomula (1). Isivuno, u-W isisindo esisha esihlanganisiwe sezinhlanga ngasinye esinqunyiwe.

Isivuno=(W×32)/0.1512/1000(kg/㎡)

(Indawo yepuleti=0.54×0.28=0.1512 ㎡) (1)

Imiphumela Nokuhlaziywa

Ngokuphathelene nesivuno esimaphakathi, izitayela zesivuno zobuningi bokutshala ezimbili kwakuyisitshalo sokuqala > isivuno sesithathu > isivuno sesibili, 24.7 g > 15.41 g > 12.35 g (izinhlayiya ezingu-7/umgodi), 36.6 g > 19.72 g, ngokulandelana. ＞16.98 g (ama-capsule angu-14/umgodi). Kwakukhona umehluko omkhulu phakathi kobuningi bokutshala obubili esivunweni sesivuno sokuqala, kodwa akukho mehluko omkhulu phakathi kwesivuno sesibili, sesithathu kanye nesivuno esiphelele.

Imiphumela yesilinganiso sokuhlwanyela kanye nezikhathi zokusika izinhlanga ekuvuneni kotshani be-rye

Ngokwezinhlelo ezahlukene zokusika, umjikelezo wokukhiqiza uyabalwa. Umjikelezo owodwa wokusika uyizinsuku ezingama-20; ukusika okubili kuyizinsuku ezingama-37; kanti ukusika okuthathu kuyizinsuku ezingama-54. Izinga lokuhlwanyela kwezinhlayiya ezi-7/imbobo lalinomvuno ophansi kakhulu, u-5.23 kg/㎡ kuphela. Lapho izinga lokuhlwanyela liyizinhlamvu eziyi-14/imbobo, isivuno esihlanganisiwe sezinhlayiya ezi-3 sasingu-15.51 kg/㎡, okwakucishe kube kathathu isivuno sezinhlayiya ezi-7/imbobo ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi sasiphakeme kakhulu kunezinye izikhathi zokusika. Ubude bomjikelezo wokukhula wezinhlayiya ezintathu babuphindwe ka-2.7 kunowokunqunywa okukodwa, kodwa isivuno sasiphindwe ka-2 kuphela kunowokunqunywa okukodwa. Kwakungekho mehluko obalulekile esivunweni lapho izinga lokuhlwanyela laliyizinhlamvu ezi-7/ukusika imbobo izikhathi ezi-3 kanye nezinhlayiya eziyi-14/ukusika imbobo izikhathi ezi-2, kodwa umehluko womjikelezo wokukhiqiza phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezimbili wawuyizinsuku eziyi-17. Lapho izinga lokuhlwanyela imbewu lalingu-14 okusanhlamvu/umgodi osikiwe kanye, isivuno sasingahlukile kakhulu kwesezinhlamvu ezi-7/umgodi osikiwe kanye noma kabili.

Isivuno sotshani lwe-rye olugundwe izikhathi ezingu-1-3 ngaphansi kwezinga lokutshala kabili

Ekukhiqizeni, inani elifanele lamashalofu, ukuphakama kweshalofu, kanye nesilinganiso sokuhlwanyela imbewu kufanele kwakhiwe ukuze kwandiswe isivuno ngeyunithi ngayinye, futhi ukusika utshani ngesikhathi kufanele kuhlanganiswe nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yokudla okunempilo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Izindleko zomnotho ezifana nembewu, abasebenzi, kanye nokugcinwa kotshani obusha kufanele futhi kucatshangelwe. Njengamanje, imboni yamadlelo nayo ibhekene nezinkinga zesistimu yokusatshalaliswa komkhiqizo engaphelele kanye nezinga eliphansi lokuhweba. Ingasatshalaliswa kuphela ezindaweni zasendaweni, okungasizi ekufezeni inhlanganisela yotshani nemfuyo ezweni lonke. Ukukhiqizwa kwefektri yezitshalo akugcini nje ngokufinyeza umjikelezo wokuvuna we-ryegrass, kuthuthukise izinga lokukhiqiza ngeyunithi ngayinye, futhi kufinyelele ekuhlinzekweni kotshani obusha minyaka yonke, kodwa futhi kungakha amafektri ngokuya ngokusatshalaliswa kwendawo kanye nesilinganiso sezimboni sokufuya izilwane, kuncishiswe izindleko zezokuthutha.

Isifinyezo

Ngamafuphi, kungenzeka ukukhiqiza utshani be-rye ngaphansi kwesibani se-LED. Isivuno sezinhlamvu eziyi-7/imbobo kanye nezinhlamvu eziyi-14/imbobo zombili zaziphakeme kunezo zesitshalo sokuqala, okubonisa ukuthambekela okufanayo kokwehla kokuqala bese kukhuphuka. Isivuno samazinga amabili okutshala sifinyelele ku-11.11 kg/㎡ kanye no-15.51 kg/㎡ ezinsukwini ezingama-54. Ngakho-ke, ukukhiqizwa kotshani be-rye ezimbonini zezitshalo kunethuba lokusetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano.

Umbhali: Yanqi Chen, Wenke Liu.

Ulwazi lwezingcaphuno:

UYanqi Chen, uWenke Liu. Umphumela wezinga lokutshala imbewu ekuvuneni kotshani be-rye ngaphansi kokukhanya okumhlophe kwe-LED [J]. Ubuchwepheshe Bobunjiniyela Bezolimo, 2022, 42(4): 26-28.