Ucwaningo Ngomphumela Wokukhanya Okungeziwe kwe-LED Emkhiqizweni Okhulayo Umphumela We-Hydroponic Lettuce ne-Pakchoi ku-Greenhouse ebusika.
[Abstract] Ubusika e-Shanghai buvamise ukubhekana nezinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nokukhanya kwelanga okuphansi, futhi ukukhula kwemifino enamahlamvu e-hydroponic endaweni ebamba ukushisa kuhamba kancane futhi umjikelezo wokukhiqiza mude, ongakwazi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sokuhlinzekwa kwemakethe. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izibani ezengeziwe zezitshalo ze-LED seziqalile ukusetshenziswa ekutshaleni nasekukhiqizeni i-greenhouse, ngezinga elithile, ukuze kulungiswe isici sokuthi ukukhanya okuqoqwe nsuku zonke ku-greenhouse akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhula kwezitshalo lapho ukukhanya kwemvelo kukhanya. anele. Ocwaningweni, izinhlobo ezimbili zamalambu angeziwe e-LED anekhwalithi ehlukile yokukhanya zafakwa ku-greenhouse ukuze kwenziwe uhlolo lokuhlola lokukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydroponic ulethisi nesiqu esiluhlaza ebusika. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zamalambu e-LED zingakhuphula kakhulu isisindo esisha ngesitshalo ngasinye se-pakchoi nolethisi. Umphumela okhulayo womkhiqizo we-pakchoi ubonakala kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwekhwalithi yezinzwa jikelele njengokukhula nokujiya kwamaqabunga, futhi umphumela okhulayo womkhiqizo we-lettuce ubonakala ikakhulukazi ekwandeni kwenani lamaqabunga nokuqukethwe kwento eyomile.

Ukukhanya kuyingxenye ebalulekile ekukhuleni kwezitshalo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izibani ze-LED zisetshenziswe kabanzi ekulimeni nasekukhiqizeni endaweni ebamba ukushisa ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokuguqulwa kwesithombe sikagesi, i-spectrum eyenziwe ngokwezifiso, kanye nempilo ende yesevisi [1]. Emazweni angaphandle, ngenxa yokuqalwa kokuqala kocwaningo oluhlobene kanye nesistimu yokusekela evuthiwe, ukukhiqizwa kwezimbali eziningi ezinkulu, izithelo nemifino kunamasu aphelele ahlanganisa ukukhanya. Ukuqoqwa kwenani elikhulu ledatha yokukhiqiza yangempela nakho kuvumela abakhiqizi ukuthi babikezele ngokucacile umthelela wokwandisa umkhiqizo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukubuyisela ngemva kokusebenzisa isistimu yokukhanya okungeziwe kwe-LED kuyahlolwa [2]. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo oluningi lwamanje lwasekhaya mayelana nokukhanya okungeziwe luchema nekhwalithi yokukhanya kwezinga elincane kanye nokwenza kahle kwe-spectral, futhi alinawo amasu okukhanya okungeziwe angasetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni kwangempela[3]. Abakhiqizi abaningi basekhaya bazosebenzisa ngokuqondile izixazululo ezikhona zokukhanyisa ezengeziwe zangaphandle lapho besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa okungeziwe ekukhiqizeni, kungakhathaliseki izimo zezulu zendawo yokukhiqiza, izinhlobo zemifino ekhiqizwayo, nezimo zezinsiza kanye nemishini. Ukwengeza, izindleko eziphezulu zezimpahla zokukhanya okungeziwe kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwamandla ngokuvamile kubangela igebe elikhulu phakathi kwesivuno sangempela sezitshalo kanye nembuyiselo yezomnotho kanye nomphumela olindelekile. Isimo esinjalo samanje asihambisani nokuthuthukiswa nokukhuthazwa kobuchwepheshe bokwenezela ukukhanya nokwandisa umkhiqizo ezweni. Ngakho-ke, kuyisidingo esiphuthumayo sokubeka imikhiqizo yokukhanya okungeziwe ye-LED ekhulile endaweni yangempela yokukhiqiza yasekhaya, kuthuthukiswe amasu okusebenzisa, futhi kuqoqwe idatha efanele.

Ubusika yisikhathi lapho imifino enamahlamvu amasha idingeka kakhulu. Ama-greenhouse anganikeza indawo efanelekile yokukhula kwemifino enamaqabunga ebusika kunamasimu okulima angaphandle. Kodwa-ke, isihloko sabonisa ukuthi ezinye izindlu zokugcina izithombo eziguga noma ezingahlanzeki kahle zinokudluliswa kokukhanya okungaphansi kuka-50% ebusika. izinga lokushisa kanye nemvelo ephansi yokukhanya, ethinta ukukhula okuvamile kwezitshalo. Ukukhanya sekube yisici esinciphisa ukukhula kwemifino ebusika [4]. I-Green Cube efakwe ekukhiqizeni kwangempela isetshenziswa ekuhloleni. Uhlelo lokutshala imifino enamahlamvu agelezayo olungajulile lufaniswa ne-Signify (China) Investment Co., Ltd. amamojula amabili okukhanya aphezulu e-LED anezilinganiso ezihlukene zokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukutshala ulethisi kanye ne-pakchoi, okuyimifino emibili enamahlamvu enesidingo esikhulu semakethe, ihlose ukutadisha ukwanda kwangempela kokukhiqizwa kwemifino ye-hydroponic yamaqabunga ngokukhanyisa kwe-LED endaweni ebamba ukushisa yasebusika.

Izimpahla nezindlela
Izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlola

Izinto zokuhlola ezisetshenziswe ekuhloleni kwakuyimifino ye-lettuce ne-packchoi. Izinhlobonhlobo zikalethisi, uLethisi Oluhlaza Weqabunga, uvela eBeijing Dingfeng Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ze-pakchoi, i-Brilliant Green, zivela ku-Horticulture Institute of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

Indlela yokuhlola

Ukuhlolwa kwenziwe ku-greenhouse yohlobo lwe-Wenluo yengilazi ye-Sunqiao base ye-Shanghai green cube Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. kusukela ngoNovemba 2019 kuya kuFebruwari 2020. Isamba semizuliswano emibili yokuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe yenziwe. Umzuliswano wokuqala wokuhlolwa wawusekupheleni kuka-2019, futhi umzuliswano wesibili wawusekuqaleni kuka-2020. Ngemva kokuhlwanyela, izinto zokuhlola zafakwa ekamelweni elikhanyayo lesimo sezulu sokwenziwa ukuze kukhuliswe izithombo, futhi ukuchelela kwamagagasi kwasetshenziswa. Ngesikhathi sokukhuliswa kwezithombo, isixazululo esijwayelekile sezakhi zemifino ye-hydroponic ene-EC ka-1.5 kanye ne-pH engu-5.5 yasetshenziselwa ukuchelela. Ngemva kokuba izithombo sezikhule zaba amaqabunga ama-3 kanye nesiteji senhliziyo esi-1, zatshalwa phezu kombhede wokutshala wemifino enamahlamvu ongashoni. Ngemva kokutshala, uhlelo lokujikeleza kwesisombululo sezakhi ezigelezayo olungajulile lusebenzisa isixazululo sezakhi ze-EC 2 kanye ne-pH 6 ekucheleleni nsuku zonke. Imvamisa yokunisela yayiyimizuzu eyi-10 lapho kutholakala amanzi kanye nemizuzu engama-20 lapho ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kumisiwe. Iqembu lokulawula (asikho isithasiselo esikhanyayo) kanye neqembu lokwelapha (isithasiselo sokukhanya kwe-LED) asethwe ekuhlolweni. I-CK yatshalwa ku-greenhouse yengilazi ngaphandle kokukhanya okungeziwe. I-LB: I-drw-lb Ho (200W) yasetshenziswa ukwengeza ukukhanya ngemva kokutshala endaweni ebamba ukushisa engilazi. I-flux density (PPFD) ebusweni be-hydroponic yemifino ye-canopy yayicishe ibe ngu-140 μmol/(㎡·S). MB: ngemva kokutshala ku-greenhouse yengilazi, i-drw-lb (200W) yasetshenziswa ukwengeza ukukhanya, futhi i-PPFD yayicishe ibe ngu-140 μmol/(㎡·S).

Umzuliswano wokuqala wedethi yokutshala yokuhlola ungomhla ziyisi-8 kuNovemba, 2019, futhi idethi yokutshala nguNovemba 25, 2019. Isikhathi sokuhlanganisa ukukhanya seqembu lokuhlola ngu-6:30-17:00; umzuliswano wesibili wedethi yokutshala yokuhlola umhla zingama-30 kuZibandlela wezi-2019, usuku lokutshala umhlaka-17 Januwari 2020, futhi isikhathi sokungezelela seqembu lokuhlola ngu-4:00-17:00
Esikhathini sezulu esishisayo ebusika, i-greenhouse izovula i-sunroof, ifilimu eseceleni kanye nefenisha ukuze kungene umoya wansuku zonke kusukela ngo-6: 00-17: 00. Lapho izinga lokushisa liphansi ebusuku, i-greenhouse izovala ukukhanya kwesibhakabhaka, ifilimu eseceleni kanye nefeni ngo-17:00-6:00 (ngakusasa), futhi ivule ikhethini lokufaka ukushisa okushisayo ku-greenhouse ukuze kugcinwe ukushisa ebusuku.

Ukuqoqwa Kwedatha

Ubude besitshalo, inani lamaqabunga, nesisindo esisha sesitshalo ngasinye kutholwe ngemva kokuvuna izingxenye ezingenhla ze-Qingjingcai kanye nolethisi. Ngemva kokulinganisa isisindo esisha, yafakwa kuhhavini futhi yomiswa ku-75 ℃ amahora angu-72. Ngemva kokuphela, isisindo esomile sinqunywa. Izinga lokushisa ku-greenhouse kanye ne-Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD, Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density) iqoqwa futhi irekhodwe njalo emizuzwini engu-5 ngenzwa yokushisa (RS-GZ-N01-2) kanye nenzwa ye-photosynthetically esebenzayo yemisebe (GLZ-CG).

Ukuhlaziywa Kwedatha

Bala ukusetshenziswa kahle kokukhanya (LUE, Light Use Efficiency) ngokuvumelana nefomula elandelayo:
I-LUE (g/mol) = isivuno semifino endaweni ngayinye/inani elihlanganisiwe lokukhanya elitholwe imifino endaweni ngayinye kusukela ekutshalweni kuya ekuvuneni
Bala okuqukethwe kwento eyomile ngokwefomula elandelayo:
Okuqukethwe kwento eyomile (%) = isisindo esomile ngesitshalo ngasinye/isisindo esisha ngesitshalo ngasinye x 100%
Sebenzisa i-Excel2016 kanye ne-IBM SPSS Statistics 20 ukuze uhlaziye idatha ekuhlolweni futhi uhlaziye ukubaluleka komehluko.

Izimpahla nezindlela
Ukukhanya Nokushisa

Umzuliswano wokuqala wokuhlola uthathe izinsuku ezingama-46 kusukela ekutshalweni kuya ekuvuneni, kwathi umzuliswano wesibili wathatha izinsuku ezingama-42 kusukela ekutshalweni kuya ekuvuneni. Phakathi nomzuliswano wokuqala wokuhlola, izinga lokushisa elivamile lansuku zonke ku-greenhouse lalivame ukuba phakathi kuka-10-18 ℃; emzuliswaneni wesibili wokuhlolwa, ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa elimaphakathi nsuku zonke ku-greenhouse kube kubi kakhulu kunalelo phakathi nomjikelezo wokuqala wokuhlolwa, nezinga lokushisa elimaphakathi lansuku zonke eliphansi kakhulu elingu-8.39 ℃ kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu lansuku zonke elingu-20.23 ℃. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lansuku zonke libonise ukuthambekela okukhuphukayo phakathi nenqubo yokukhula (Fig. 1).

Phakathi nomzuliswano wokuqala wokuhlolwa, ukukhanya kwansuku zonke okubalulekile (i-DLI) ku-greenhouse kuguquguquke ngaphansi kuka-14 mol/(㎡·D). Phakathi nomzuliswano wesibili wokuhlolwa, inani lansuku zonke elinqwabelanayo lokukhanya kwemvelo ku-greenhouse libonise ukuthambekela okuphezulu kukonke, okwakungaphezulu kuno-8 mol/(㎡·D), futhi inani eliphezulu lavela ngoFebruwari 27, 2020, okwakungu-26.1 mol. /(㎡·D). Ushintsho lwenani eliqongelelwe nsuku zonke lokukhanya kwemvelo ku-greenhouse phakathi nomzuliswano wesibili wokuhlolwa lalilikhulu kunalelo phakathi nomzuliswano wokuqala wokuhlola (Fig. 2). Phakathi nomzuliswano wokuqala wokuhlolwa, inani lokukhanya eliqongelelwe lansuku zonke (inani lokukhanya kwemvelo kwe-DLI nokukhanya okungeziwe okuholelekile kwe-DLI) leqembu lokukhanya okungeziwe lalingaphezu kuka-8 mol/(㎡·D) isikhathi esiningi. Phakathi nomjikelezo wesibili wokuhlolwa, inani lokukhanya eliphelele lansuku zonke leqembu lokukhanya okungeziwe belingaphezu kuka-10 mol/(㎡·D) isikhathi esiningi. Isamba esiqoqiwe sokukhanya okungeziwe emzuliswaneni wesibili sasingu-31.75 mol/㎡ ngaphezu kwalokho emzuliswaneni wokuqala.

Isivuno Semifino Emahlamvu kanye Nokusebenzisa Amandla Alula Ngempumelelo

●Umjikelezo wokuqala wemiphumela yokuhlolwa
Kungabonakala ku-Fig. 3 ukuthi i-pakchoi ene-LED ikhula kangcono, isimo sesitshalo sihlangene kakhulu, futhi amaqabunga makhudlwana futhi aminyene kune-CK engafakwanga. Amaqabunga e-LB kanye ne-MB pakchoi agqamile futhi aluhlaza ngokumnyama kune-CK. Kungabonakala ku-Fig. 4 ukuthi i-ulethisi enokukhanya okungeziwe kwe-LED ikhula kangcono kune-CK ngaphandle kokukhanya okungeziwe, inani lamaqabunga liphakeme, futhi isimo sesitshalo sigcwele.

Kuyabonakala kuThebula loku-1 ukuthi awukho umehluko obalulekile ekuphakameni kwesitshalo, inombolo yamaqabunga, okuqukethwe kwento eyomile kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla okukhanya kwe-pakchoi ephathwa nge-CK, LB kanye ne-MB, kodwa isisindo esisha se-pakchoi esiphathwa nge-LB ne-MB ephakeme kakhulu kunaleyo ye-CK; Kwakungekho mehluko obalulekile esisindweni esisha sesitshalo ngasinye phakathi kwezibani ezimbili ze-LED ezikhula ngezilinganiso ezihlukene eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ekwelapheni i-LB ne-MB.

Kungabonakala kuthebula lesi-2 ukuthi ukuphakama kwesitshalo se-ulethisi ekwelapheni kwe-LB kwakuphakeme kakhulu kunalokho ekuphathweni kwe-CK, kodwa kwakungekho umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokwelashwa kwe-LB nokwelashwa kwe-MB. Kube nomehluko omkhulu enanini lamaqabunga phakathi kokwelashwa okuthathu, futhi inani lamaqabunga ekwelapheni kwe-MB laliphezulu kakhulu, elalingama-27. Isisindo esisha ngesitshalo ngasinye sokwelashwa kwe-LB sasiphakeme kakhulu, esasiyi-101g. Kuphinde kwaba nomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwala maqembu amabili. Kwakungekho mehluko obalulekile kokuqukethwe kwendaba eyomile phakathi kokwelashwa kwe-CK ne-LB. Okuqukethwe kwe-MB bekungaphezulu ngo-4.24% kunokwelashwa kwe-CK ne-LB. Kube nomehluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kokusetshenziswa kokukhanya phakathi kokwelashwa okuthathu. Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kakhulu kokusetshenziswa kokukhanya kwakusekwelapheni kwe-LB, okwakungu-13.23 g/mol, futhi okuphansi kakhulu kwakuwukwelashwa kwe-CK, okwakungu-10.72 g/mol.

●Umjikelezo wesibili wemiphumela yokuhlolwa

Kuyabonakala kuThebula lesi-3 ukuthi ubude besitshalo se-Pakchoi ephathwe nge-MB babuphezulu kakhulu kunobu-CK, futhi awukho umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwayo nokwelashwa kwe-LB. Inani lamaqabunga e-Pakchoi aphathwe nge-LB ne-MB laliphezulu kakhulu kunalelo nge-CK, kodwa kwakungekho mehluko obalulekile phakathi kwamaqembu amabili okwelapha ukukhanya okungeziwe. Kube nomehluko omkhulu esisindweni esisha ngesitshalo ngasinye phakathi kokwelashwa okuthathu. Isisindo esisha ngesitshalo ngasinye e-CK sasiphansi kakhulu kuma-47 g, futhi ukwelashwa kwe-MB kwakuphakeme kakhulu ku-116 g. Kwakungekho mehluko obalulekile kokuqukethwe kwento eyomile phakathi kokwelashwa okuthathu. Kunomehluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kokukhanya kokusetshenziswa kwamandla. I-CK iphansi ku-8.74 g/mol, futhi ukwelashwa kwe-MB kuphakeme kakhulu kokuthi 13.64 g/mol.

Kungabonakala kuThebula lesi-4 ukuthi wawungekho umehluko omkhulu ekuphakameni kwesitshalo sikalethisi phakathi kwezindlela zokwelapha ezintathu. Inani lamaqabunga ekwelashweni kwe-LB kanye ne-MB laliphezulu kakhulu kunalelo lase-CK. Phakathi kwabo, inani lamaqabunga e-MB laliphezulu kakhulu ku-26. Kwakungekho umehluko omkhulu enanini lamaqabunga phakathi kokwelashwa kwe-LB ne-MB. Isisindo esisha sesitshalo ngasinye samaqembu amabili okwelapha ukukhanya okungeziwe sasiphezulu kakhulu kuneso se-CK, futhi isisindo esisha ngesitshalo ngasinye sasiphakeme kakhulu ekulashweni kwe-MB, okwakungu-133g. Kuphinde kwaba nomehluko omkhulu phakathi kokwelashwa kwe-LB ne-MB. Kube nomehluko omkhulu kokuqukethwe kwento eyomile phakathi kokwelashwa okuthathu, futhi okuqukethwe kwento eyomile yokwelashwa kwe-LB bekuphakeme kakhulu, okwakungu-4.05%. Ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla okukhanya kokwelashwa kwe-MB kungaphezulu kakhulu kwalokho kokwelashwa kwe-CK ne-LB, okungu-12.67 g/mol.

Emzuliswaneni wesibili wokuhlolwa, isamba se-DLI yeqembu lokukhanya okungeziwe besiphezulu kakhulu kune-DLI phakathi nenani elifanayo lezinsuku zekholoni phakathi nomzuliswano wokuqala wokuhlolwa (Umfanekiso 1-2), kanye nesikhathi sokukhanya esingeziwe sokukhanya okungeziwe. iqembu lokwelapha emzuliswaneni wesibili wokuhlolwa (4:00-00- 17:00). Uma kuqhathaniswa nomjikelezo wokuqala wokuhlola (6:30-17:00), kukhuphuke ngamahora angu-2.5. Isikhathi sokuvuna semizuliswano emibili ye-Pakchoi kwakuyizinsuku ezingama-35 ngemuva kokutshala. Isisindo esisha sesitshalo ngasinye se-CK emizuliswaneni emibili sasifana. Umehluko esisindweni esisha ngesitshalo ngasinye ku-LB kanye nokwelashwa kwe-MB uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CK emzuliswaneni wesibili wokuhlolwa wawumkhulu kakhulu kunomehluko wesisindo esisha ngesitshalo ngasinye uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CK emzuliswaneni wokuqala wokuhlola (Ithebula 1, Ithebula 3). Isikhathi sokuvuna somjikelezo wesibili we-ulethisi wokuhlola kwakuyizinsuku ezingu-42 ngemva kokutshala, futhi isikhathi sokuvuna somjikelezo wokuqala we-lettuce yokuhlola kwakuyizinsuku ezingu-46 ngemva kokutshala. Inombolo yezinsuku zekholoni lapho umjikelezo wesibili wokuhlolwa kolethisi CK uvunwa wawungaphansi kwezinsuku ezi-4 kunalowo womzuliswano wokuqala, kodwa isisindo esisha sesitshalo siphindwe ngo-1.57 somjikelezo wokuqala wokuhlola (Ithebula 2 kanye neThebula 4), kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla okukhanya kuyafana. Kungabonakala ukuthi njengoba izinga lokushisa lifudumala kancane kancane futhi ukukhanya kwemvelo ku-greenhouse kwanda kancane kancane, umjikelezo wokukhiqiza ulethisi ufinyezwa.

Izimpahla nezindlela
Imijikelezo emibili yokuhlola ngokuyisisekelo ihlanganise ubusika bonke e-Shanghai, futhi iqembu lokulawula (CK) lakwazi ukubuyisela ngokuqhathaniswa isimo sangempela sokukhiqiza se-hydroponic green stalk kanye nolethisi endaweni ebamba ukushisa ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nokukhanya kwelanga okuphansi ebusika. Iqembu lokuhlola lesengezo esikhanyayo libe nomthelela omkhulu wokuphromotha kunkomba yedatha enembile kakhulu (isisindo esisha ngesitshalo ngasinye) emizuliswaneni emibili yokuhlolwa. Phakathi kwazo, umphumela wokukhulisa isivuno we-Pakchoi uboniswe ngosayizi, umbala nokuqina kwamaqabunga ngasikhathi sinye. Kodwa ulethisi uvame ukwandisa inani lamaqabunga, futhi ukubukeka kwesitshalo kubukeka kugcwele. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ikhombisa ukuthi ukwengezwa okukhanyayo kungathuthukisa isisindo esisha kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ekutshalweni kwezigaba ezimbili zemifino, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo yemifino. I-Pakchoi ilekelelwa I-red-white, blue-blue and red-white, amamojula okukhanya okuphezulu kwe-LED amaphakathi nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka anombala oluhlaza okotshani futhi acwebezela ngokubukeka kunamaqabunga ngaphandle kokukhanya okungeziwe, amaqabunga makhudlwana futhi aminyene, kanye nokukhula lonke uhlobo lwesitshalo luhlangene futhi lunamandla. Nokho, “ulethisi we-mosaic” ungowemifino enamaqabunga aluhlaza, futhi ayikho inqubo esobala yokushintsha umbala ekukhuleni kwayo. Ukushintsha kombala wamaqabunga akubonakali emehlweni abantu. Ingxenye efanelekile yokukhanya okwesibhakabhaka ingakhuthaza ukukhula kwamaqabunga kanye nokwakheka kwe-photosynthetic pigment, futhi ivimbele ukunwebeka kwe-internode. Ngakho-ke, imifino eseqenjini lesengezo esikhanyayo ithandwa kakhulu ngabathengi ngekhwalithi yokubukeka.

Emzuliswaneni wesibili wokuhlolwa, inani lokukhanya eliqongelelwe nsuku zonke leqembu lokukhanya okungeziwe laliphezulu kakhulu kune-DLI phakathi nenani elifanayo lezinsuku zekholoni phakathi nomzuliswano wokuqala wokuhlolwa (Umfanekiso 1-2), kanye nokukhanya okungeziwe. isikhathi somjikelezo wesibili weqembu lokwelapha ukukhanya okungeziwe (4: 00-17: 00), uma kuqhathaniswa nomzuliswano wokuqala wokuhlola (6:30-17: 00), sikhuphuke ngamahora angu-2.5. Isikhathi sokuvuna semizuliswano emibili ye-Pakchoi kwakuyizinsuku ezingama-35 ngemuva kokutshala. Isisindo esisha se-CK emizuliswaneni emibili sasifana. Umehluko esisindweni esisha ngesitshalo ngasinye phakathi kokwelashwa kwe-LB ne-MB kanye ne-CK emzuliswaneni wesibili wokuhlolwa wawumkhulu kakhulu kunomehluko wesisindo esisha ngesitshalo ngasinye esine-CK emzuliswaneni wokuqala wokuhlola (Ithebula 1 kanye neThebula 3). Ngakho-ke, ukwelula isikhathi sokwengeza ukukhanya kungakhuthaza ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwe-hydroponic Pakchoi elinywa endlini ebusika. Isikhathi sokuvuna somjikelezo wesibili we-ulethisi wokuhlola kwakuyizinsuku ezingu-42 ngemva kokutshala, futhi isikhathi sokuvuna somjikelezo wokuqala we-lettuce yokuhlola kwakuyizinsuku ezingu-46 ngemva kokutshala. Lapho umjikelezo wesibili we-ulethisi wokuhlola uvunwa, inani lezinsuku ze-colonization zeqembu le-CK lalingaphansi kwezinsuku ezi-4 kunelo lomjikelezo wokuqala. Nokho, isisindo esisha sesitshalo esisodwa sasiphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1.57 kuneso somjikelezo wokuqala wokuhlola (Ithebula 2 kanye neThebula 4). Ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamandla okukhanya kwakufana. Kungabonakala ukuthi njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kancane kancane futhi ukukhanya kwemvelo ku-greenhouse kukhula kancane kancane (Umfanekiso 1-2), umjikelezo wokukhiqiza ulethisi ungafinyezwa ngokufanele. Ngakho-ke, ukwengeza izinto zokukhanya ezengeziwe ku-greenhouse ebusika ngezinga lokushisa eliphansi nokukhanya kwelanga eliphansi kungathuthukisa ngempumelelo ukukhiqizwa kwe-ulethisi, bese Kukhuphula ukukhiqizwa. Emzuliswaneni wokuqala wokuhlola, isitshalo semenyu yeqabunga esinezela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okulula kwaba ngu-0.95 kw-h, futhi emzuliswaneni wesibili wokuhlola, isitshalo semenyu yamaqabunga esinezela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okulula kwaba ngu-1.15 kw-h. Uma kuqhathaniswa phakathi kwemizuliswano emibili yokuhlola, ukusetshenziswa okulula kokwelashwa okuthathu kwe-Pakchoi, ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla esivivinyweni sesibili kwakungaphansi kwalokho ocwaningweni lokuqala. Ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla okukhanya kwe-ulethisi CK kanye namaqembu okwelapha ukukhanya okungeziwe e-LB ohlolweni lwesibili bekungaphansi kancane kunalokho okwenziwa ohlolweni lokuqala. Kucatshangwa ukuthi isizathu esingaba isizathu ukuthi izinga lokushisa eliphansi lansuku zonke eliphakathi nesonto ngemva kokutshala lenza isikhathi sokukhula esihamba kancane sibe side, futhi nakuba izinga lokushisa liphinde lakhuphuka kancane phakathi nokuhlolwa, ububanzi bebunqunyelwe, futhi izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lansuku zonke lilonke lalisamile. ezingeni eliphansi, elibeke umkhawulo ekusebenziseni amandla ukukhanya ngesikhathi somjikelezo wokukhula kwawo wonke ama-hydroponics emifino enamahlamvu. (Umfanekiso 1).

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ichibi lesixazululo sezakhi lalingenawo imishini yokufudumala, ukuze indawo ezungezile yemifino enamahlamvu e-hydroponic ihlale isezingeni eliphansi lokushisa, futhi izinga lokushisa lansuku zonke lalilinganiselwe, okwabangela ukuthi imifino ihluleke ukuyisebenzisa ngokugcwele. kokukhanya okuhlanganisiwe kwansuku zonke kukhuphuke ngokunweba ukukhanya okungeziwe kwe-LED. Ngakho-ke, lapho ufaka ukukhanya ku-greenhouse ebusika, kuyadingeka ukucabangela ukugcinwa kokushisa okufanele kanye nezinyathelo zokushisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela wokukhanya okungeziwe ukuze kwandiswe ukukhiqizwa. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukucabangela izinyathelo ezifanele zokulondoloza ukushisa nokwanda kwezinga lokushisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela wokukhanya okungeziwe kanye nokwanda kwesivuno ku-greenhouse yasebusika. Ukusetshenziswa kokukhanya okungeziwe kwe-LED kuzonyusa izindleko zokukhiqiza ngezinga elithile, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo ngokwako akuyona imboni enesivuno esikhulu. Ngakho-ke, mayelana nendlela yokuthuthukisa isu lokukhanya okungeziwe kanye nokubambisana nezinye izinyathelo ekukhiqizeni imifino enamaqabunga e-hydroponic ku-greenhouse yasebusika, kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa imishini yokukhanya eyengeziwe ukuze kuzuzwe ukukhiqiza okuphumelelayo kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla okukhanya kanye nezinzuzo zezomnotho. , isadinga ezinye izivivinyo zokukhiqiza.

Ababhali: Yiming Ji, Kang Liu, Xianping Zhang, Honglei Mao (Shanghai green cube Agricultural Development Co., Ltd.).
Umthombo we-athikili: Ubuchwepheshe Bonjiniyela Bezolimo (I-Greenhouse Horticulture).

Izithenjwa:
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